Feb 22, 20223 min read

T/F/NG: Câu so sánh đáp án là gì?

Updated: Oct 17, 2023

TRUE

FALSE

NOT GIVEN

= thông tin đúng với thông tin trong bài

= thông tin trái ngược với thông tin trong bài

= thông tin không đầy đủ hoặc không tìm được thông tin trong bài đọc

"Khoai" nhất phải nói đến nhận diện câu FALSE và NOT GIVEN. Ngoài ra, trong số các câu statements, tụi mình cũng sẽ thường gặp một số câu có cấu trúc so sánh. Ví dụ:

Brunel was less important than the other construction engineers in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.

Bài hôm nay sẽ giúp chúng ta phân biệt False và Not Given khi gặp câu so sánh.

Statement 1 (a) Brunel was less important than the (b) other construction engineers in Britain during the Industrial Revolution.

Đối tượng so sánh: (a) Brunel + (b) other construction engineers
Tính chất so sánh: (a) less important than (b)
Key words định vị: Britain (1) + Industrial Revolution (2)

Bài đọc In the hundred years up to 1860, the work of a small group of construction engineers (b) carried forward the enormous social and economic change that we associate with the Industrial Revolution (2) in Britain (1). The most important of these engineers (b) was Isambard Kingdom Brunel (a), whose work in shipping, bridge-building and railway construction to name just three fields, both challenged and motivated his colleagues.

Từ câu màu đỏ, chúng ta có được:

Brunel = most important of these engineers

=> Brunel was more important than other engineers

(có nhắc đến cả 2 đối tượng so sánh, nhưng tính chất so sánh trái ngược nhau)

Kết luận: Statement 1 là FALSE

Statement 2 Brunel was less involved in (a) railway construction than (b) other engineering fields.

Đối tượng so sánh: (a) railway construction + (b) other engineering fields
Tính chất so sánh: less involved in (a) than (b)

Bài đọc In the hundred years up to 1860, the work of a small group of construction engineers carried forward the enormous social and economic change that we associate with the Industrial Revolution in Britain. The most important of these engineers was Isambard Kingdom Brunel, whose work in shipping, bridge-building and railway construction (a) to name just three fields, both challenged and motivated his colleagues.

Từ câu màu đỏ, chúng ta có được:

three fields = engineering fields (shipping, bridge building, railway construction)

(có nhắc đến các đối tượng, nhưng không có sự so sánh gì ở đây)

Kết luận: Statement 2 là NOT GIVEN

Statement 3 The (a) Thames Tunnel Project was more difficult than any (b) previous construction venture undertaken in Britain.

Đối tượng so sánh: (a) Thames Tunnel Project + (b) previous construction venture
Tính chất so sánh: (a) more difficult than (b)

Bài đọc The son of an engineer, Brunel apprenticed with his father at an early age on (a) the building of the Thames Tunnel. At the age of just twenty, he became the engineer in charge of the project. This impressive plan to bore under the Thames twice suffered major disasters when the river broke through into the tunnel. When the second breach occurred in 1827, Brunel was seriously injured during rescue operations and further work was halted.

Từ câu màu đỏ, chúng ta có được:

the Thames Tunnel Project suffered major disasters => difficulty

(không có so sánh và không nhắc đến đối tượng so sánh thứ

Kết luận: Statement 3 là NOT GIVEN